Cara Setting Load Balancing dengan Nginx

Load Balancing adalah sebuah mekanisme untuk membagi atau mendistribusikan trafik ke beberapa server. Nginx selain berfungsi sebagai web server bisa juga berfungsi sebagai load balancer.

Metode Load Balancing

Round Robin: mendistribusikan trafik ke setiap server secara bergantian.
Least Connections: mendistribusikan trafik ke server yang paling sedikit koneksi aktifnya.
IP Hash: mendistribusikan trafik ke server yang sama ketika visitor pertama kali melakukan request.

Topologi Load Balancing

0.Perangkat yang digunakan

Perangkat yang digunakan di tutorial ini:

OS Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
Nginx web server
PHP-FPM 7.2
Node1: 10.130.127.167
Node2: 10.130.128.35
LoadBalancer: 128.199.187.215
Domain: defnex.com

1.Install Nginx dan PHP-FPM di Node

Install Nginx di Node1 dan Node2.

sudo apt install nginx php php-fpm -y
sudo systemctl status nginx 	
sudo systemctl status php7.2-fpm

sudo apt install nginx php php-fpm -y

sudo systemctl status nginx

sudo systemctl status php7.2-fpm

Membuat file index.php di Node1.

sudp mkdir /var/www/defnex.com
sudo echo "<h1>node1</h1>" > /var/www/defnex.com/index.php

1 2	sudp mkdir /var/www/defnex.com sudo echo "<h1>node1</h1>" > /var/www/defnex.com/index.php

Membuat file index.php di Node2.

sudo mkdir /var/www/defnex.com
sudo echo "<h1>node2</h1>" > /var/www/defnex.com/index.php

1 2	sudo mkdir /var/www/defnex.com sudo echo "<h1>node2</h1>" > /var/www/defnex.com/index.php

Membuat server block di Node1 dan Node2.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/defnex.com.conf

1	sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/defnex.com.conf

File konfigurasi server block.

server {
    listen 80;

    server_name defnex.com www.defnex.com;
    root /var/www/defnex.com/;

    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass                    unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index                   index.php;
        fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT     $realpath_root;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME   $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    }

    access_log /var/log/nginx/defnex.com.access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/defnex.com.error.log warn;
}

server {

listen 80;

server_name defnex.com www.defnex.com;

root /var/www/defnex.com/;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

location / {

try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;

}

location ~ \.php$ {

try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;

include fastcgi_params;

fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $realpath_root;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;

}

access_log /var/log/nginx/defnex.com.access.log;

error_log /var/log/nginx/defnex.com.error.log warn;

}

Uji dan restart Nginx.

sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl restart nginx	
sudo systemctl status nginx

sudo nginx -t

sudo systemctl restart nginx

sudo systemctl status nginx

2.Install dan Konfigurasi Nginx di Load Balancer

Install Nginx.

sudo apt install nginx -y
sudo systemctl status nginx

1 2	sudo apt install nginx -y sudo systemctl status nginx

Membuat server block untuk load balancing domain defnex.com.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/lb-defnex.com.conf

1	sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/lb-defnex.com.conf

File konfigurasi server block load balancing domain defnex.com.

upstream backend {
    server 10.130.127.167; #node1
    server 10.130.128.35;  #node2
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name defnex.com www.defnex.com;

    location / {
        proxy_redirect      off;
        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header    Host $http_host;
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

upstream backend {

server 10.130.127.167; #node1

server 10.130.128.35; #node2

}

server {

listen 80;

server_name defnex.com www.defnex.com;

location / {

proxy_redirect off;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

proxy_pass http://backend;

}

Pada konfigurasi upstream backend dituliskan IP address dari backend server. Secara default metode load balancing yang digunakan adalah Round Robin.

Konfigurasi load balancing jika menggunakan metode Least Connections.

upstream backend {
	least_conn;
    server 10.130.127.167; #node1
    server 10.130.128.35;  #node2
}

upstream backend {

least_conn;

server 10.130.127.167; #node1

server 10.130.128.35; #node2

}

Konfigurasi load balancing jika menggunakan metode IP Hash.

upstream backend {
	ip_hash;
    server 10.130.127.167; #node1
    server 10.130.128.35;  #node2
}

upstream backend {

ip_hash;

server 10.130.127.167; #node1

server 10.130.128.35; #node2

}

Uji dan restart Nginx.

sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl restart nginx	
sudo systemctl status nginx

sudo nginx -t

sudo systemctl restart nginx

sudo systemctl status nginx

3.Pengujian

Browse domain berulang kali, akan menampilkan halaman dari Node1 dan Node2 secara bergantian.

Halaman index.php dari Node1

Halaman index.php dari Node2

selamat mencoba 🙂

Musa Amin in FOSS | 28 April 2020

Cara Setting Load Balancing dengan Nginx

0.Perangkat yang digunakan

1.Install Nginx dan PHP-FPM di Node

2.Install dan Konfigurasi Nginx di Load Balancer

3.Pengujian

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